"District-Level Achievement Gaps Explain Black and Hispanic Overrepresentation in Special Education"10/9/2020
Regression analysis results indicated that Black– and Hispanic–White district risk ratios were strongly related to Black– and Hispanic– White district achievement gaps. These results reconcile findings from district-level data with those from student-level data and support the finding that, when compared to otherwise similar White students by controlling for group differences in achievement, non-White students are on average underrepresented in special education. That is, non-White overrepresentation in special education in most districts is explained by racial achievement gaps in these districts. Residuals from the regressions provide a more accurate way to monitor for outlier districts than the current practice required in federal regulations of using unadjusted risk ratios.
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